Four Mainstream Applications of 100G and Their Features

At present, the application and technology of 100G have always been the focus of the industry, and the market of 100G can not be developed in the real sense due to some factors such as the cost in tech, efficiency, and market demands. However, with the gradual stabilization of 40G, the market of 100G has been slowly opened. Now there are many kinds of interface technology about 100G applications in the market. And then in this article, there will be an introduction to four mainstream applications of 100G and their features.

1. QSFP28 100G SR4 Optical Transceiver and Its Features

The wavelength of QSFP28 SR4 is 850nm, and the interface type is 12-fibers MPO (Intermediate 4-fibers channel is not activated). It is with 4 channels combined with 8-fibers multimode fiber, each channel supporting 25G to achieve 100G rate.

Features: the interface, same as that of QSFP-40G-SR4, can be directly upgraded from 40G  to 100G. The optical module is usually connected with OM3 and OM4 multimode fiber, respectively to support the transmission distance of 70 meters and 100 meters (the recently-published technology is possible to support  transmission distance of 200 meters via OM4 optic fiber).

2. QSFP28 100G PSM4 Optical Transceiver and Its Features

QSFP28 PSM4 transmission mode is similar to that of QSFP28 100G SR4. Each channel supports 25G in 4 channels. This optical module uses single-mode optic fiber as the transmission media and the wavelength is 1310nm.

Features: adopting the QSFP28 port, able to reach transmission distance of 500ms via the single mode optic fiber, which makes it have a certain advantage in the market.

3. QSFP28 100G CWDM4 Optical Transceiver and Its Features

The coarse wavelength division multiplexing technology and LC duplex interface are used with single-mode fiber, by which the maximum transmission distance can reach 2km. Its form factor is QSFP28. This optical module is cheaper than the traditional single-mode optical module.

Features: the coarse wavelength division multiplexing technology based on single-mode fiber has been relatively mature, but QSFP28 CWDM4 has not been formally approved by the IEEE standard group. Currently, the technology standard is unified and promoted by CWDM4 MSA.

4. QSFP28 100G SWDM4 Optical Transceiver and Its Features

SWDM(Short Wavelength Division Multiplexing)refers to the short wavelength division multiplexing technology that can transmit 4 bands of optical signals in multi-mode optical fiber with one fiber. The windows of these 4 bands are respectively 850nm, 880nm, 910nm and 940nm. The principle of this technology is similar to that of CWDM on single mode. But it is the first time that SWDM has applied WDM(Wavelength Division Multiplexing)technology to the short band of multimode optic fiber.

Features: 100GBase-SWDM4 optical module uses a multi-mode duplex LC interface. It just needs optic fiber with 2-fibers. It usually adopts OM4 optic fiber, the transmission distance can reach above 100m. If it uses WBMMF(WideBand Multi-Mode Fiber）, the transmission distance can reach 300m. Compared with SR4, SWDM4 requires only 25% of optic fibers.

In the current situation, the application mode of 100G is with at least 10 types. And the above-mentioned four types of interface technologies focus on that of data center applications. For more information about it, welcome to visit Gigalight official website(www.gigaligt.com).

About Gigalight:
Gigalight is a design innovator in global optical interconnect field. A series of optical interconnect products include: optical transceivers, passive optical components, active optical cables, GIGAC MTP/MPO cabling, cloud programmers & checkers, etc. Three applications are mainly covered: Data Center & Cloud Computing, MAN & Broadcast Video, and Mobile Network & 5G Optical Transmission. Gigalight takes advantage of its exclusive design to provide clients with one-stop optical network devices and cost-effective products.

What Are Types of SDI Video SFP Optical Transceiver?

SDI optical transceivers are known to many people, initially applied in the radio and television industry. SDI series optical modules include many types, such as SDI SFP optics(mainly includes 3G-SDI Video SFP, 6G-SDI Video SFP, 12G-SDI Video SFP), SDI SFP+ optical module(mainly includes 3G-SDI Video SFP+, 6G-SDI Video SFP+, 12G-SDI Video SFP+), etc. Then today we will talk about types of SDI video SFP optical transceivers.

What Is SDI Video SFP Optical Transceiver?

SDI SFP optical module and its related products are initially designed for the radio and television industry, applied for television studio, animal filming, film shooting, large sports events live. It is extended to the 1080 PHD monitoring field. SDI SFP optical module is usually used on the SDI interface of the HD-SDI terminal device. The transmission rate and frequency for each different SDI interface are different.

An Introduction to Types of SDI Video SFP Optical Transceiver

SDI Video SFP transceivers can be divided into various types according to different factors. For example, on the basis of operating wavelength, they can be divided into 1310nm, 1490nm, 1550nm and CWDM wavelengths video SFP transceivers; based on transmission distance, there are 300m, 2km, 10km, 20km, 40km; based on operating rate, there are usually 3G-SDI, 6G-SDI and 12G-SDI video SFP optical transceivers.

3G-SDI video SFP optical transceivers have a data rate up to 3Gbps, which are specifically designed for high performance in the presence of SDI pathological patterns for SMPTE 259M, SMPTE 344M, SMPTE 292M and SMPTE 424M serial rates. They are generally used for television broadcasting. However, as technology advances, they are now also widely applied in global security applications such as high-end surveillance or unmanned systems, allowing simple designs or upgrades with full HD cameras.

6G-SDI video SFP optical transceivers’ data rate is intended to be twice as fast as 3G-SDI optical modules, which means it is supposed to deliver a payload of 6Gbps. Therefore, they are not only designed for SDI pathological patterns for SMPTE 259M, SMPTE 344M, SMPTE 292M and SMPTE 424M serial rates but also for SMPTE 2081. 6G-SDI video SFP optical transceivers are often used in camera, video, security monitoring applications and 4K /HDTV/SDTV service interfaces.

Speed up to 12Gbps, 12G-SDI video SFP transceivers are specifically designed for high performance in the presence of SDI pathological patterns for SMPTE 259M, SMPTE 344M, SMPTE 292M, SMPTE 424M, ST2081 and ST-2082 serial rates. They are mainly used for SMPTE ST-297-2006, ST-2081 and ST-2082 compatible electrical-to-optical interfaces and UHDTV/HDTV/SDTV service interfaces.

Above all is about the introduction to types of SDI video SFP optical transceiver. For above mentioned SDI video optical transceiver, Gigalight is currently with 3G-SDI SFP, 6G-SDI SFP+, 12G-SDI SFP+ optical transceiver. If you want to know more details of products, pls visit Gigalight official website.

About Gigalight:
Gigalight is a design innovator in global optical interconnect field. A series of optical interconnect products include: optical transceivers, passive optical components, active optical cables, GIGAC MTP/MPO cabling, cloud programmers & checkers, etc. Three applications are mainly covered: Data Center & Cloud Computing, MAN & Broadcast Video, and Mobile Network & 5G Optical Transmission. Gigalight takes advantage of its exclusive design to provide clients with one-stop optical network devices and cost-effective products.

QSFP28 CWDM4 vs. QSFP28 PSM4: Which One Is Better?

Although a series of 200G or even 400G optical transceiver products emerge in the optical communication market, and they have not yet been put into commecial use currently due to that they are still in the stage of preparation in some aspects. Thus, 100G optical transceiver modules, especially QSFP28 PSM4 and QSFP28 CWDM4, are still spoiled in various application fields. Well, for these two optical transceivers, what are their differences and which one is better? The answers will be found in this article.

A Brief Introduction to QSFP28 PSM4 Optical Transceiver

PSM4, the abbreviation of Parallel Single Mode 4-channels, a optics with parallel technology, defined by the 100G PSM4 MSA(Multi-Source Agreement). It uses four lanes of parallel single fiber to deliever serialized data at a rate of 25Gbps per lane. 100GE PSM4 QSFP28 will be the optical transceiver that enables single-mode fiber to become popular in next-generation data centers due to its low cost and high configurability. It doesn’t need a MUX/DEMUX for each laser but it does need a directly modulated DFB laser (DML) or an external modulator for each fiber. QSFP28 100G PSM4 uses eight fibers, in which four fibers are for transmitting and four fibers are for receiving. A PSM4 QSFP28 optical module supports link lengths of up to 500 meters over single-mode fiber with 12 fiber MTP/MPO connectors. The light source of QSFP 100G PSM4 optic module is a single uncooled distributed feedback (DFB) laser operating at 1310nm.

A Brief Introduction to QSFP28 CWDM4 Optical Transceiver

The QSFP28 100G CWDM4 optical transceiver is a full duplex, photonic-integrated optical transceiver module that provides a high-speed link with a maximum transmission distance of 2km for 100G Ethernet. 100G QSFP CWDM4 is designed for optical communication applications compliant with the QSFP MSA, CWDM4 MSA and portions of IEEE P802.3bm standard. CWDM4 interfaces with LC duplex connectors. It converts 4 input channels of 25Gb/s electrical data to 4 channels of CWDM optical signals and then multiplexes them into a single channel for 100Gb/s optical transmission. Specifically speaking, four lanes with center wavelengths of 1270nm, 1290nm, 1310nm and 1330nm are controlled on the transmitting end. On the receiving end, four lanes of optical data streams are optically de-multiplexed by an integrated optical demultiplexer. With an optical multiplexer and de-multiplexer, one just uses a duplex single-mode fiber to connect two 100G CWDM4 optical transceivers.

QSFP28 CWDM4 vs. QSFP28 PSM4: Which One Is More Cost-Effective?

After knowing the basic information of PSM4 QSFP28 and CWDM4 QSFP28 optical transceiver, the comparison between them will be made in the following content to know which one is better. It is mainly made from perspectives of similarities and differences, shown as below:

Similarities of QSFP28 CWDM4 and QSFP28 PSM4 Optical Transceiver:

Optic Fiber Types: Both 100G QSFP CWDM4 and 100G QSFP PSM4 use single-mode fiber to transmit.

The Number of Lane: Both of 100G QSFP28 CWDM4 and 100GE PSM4 QSFP28 use 4 lanes(4×25Gbps) to achieve 100Gbps.

Wavelength: The wavelength of QSFP28 100G CWDM4 and QSFP28 100G PSM4 is around 1310 nm.

Differences of QSFP28 CWDM4 and QSFP28 PSM4 Optical Transceiver :

Connector Types: QSFP-100G-CWDM4-S optical transceiver is with LC duplex connector, while QSFP-100G-PSM4-S optics is with MTP/MPO connector.

Transmission Distance: The transmission distance of 100G QSFP CWDM4 optics is longer than that of QSFP 100G PSM4 optics. The maximum transmission distance of CWDM4 QSFP28 and PSM4 QSFP28 are respectively 2kms and 500ms.

Cost: QSFP28 CWDM4 optical transceiver module is more expensive than QSFP28 PSM4 optical transceiver module. It is on accoun that CWDM4 QSFP28 optics needs 4-wavelengths coarse wavelength division multiplexer(high in cost) while PSM4 QSFP28 optics does not need.

The Number of Optic Fiber: QSFP28 CWDM4 uses 2 single-mode fibers to transmit while QSFP28 PSM4 uses 8 single-mode fibers for transmission.

qsfp28 psm4 vs. qsfp28 cwdm4

As the components such as multiplexer/demultiplexer for the CWDM4 QSFP28 optical transceiver are very expensive, the cost of 100G QSFP28 CWDM4 optical module is much higher than that of 100G QSFP28 PSM4 optical module. It is seen from above information that QSFP28 PSM4 seemingly is more cost-effective choice than QSFP28 CWDM4. However, if the cost is taken into account from perspective of whole 100G connection, it should actually depend on the link distance. For PSM4 QSFP28 optics, as the connection distance increases, its total cost climbs up very fast due to increasing in the number of optic fibers. Therefore, 100GE PSM4 QSFP28 optics is a recommended solution with cost effectiveness for the deployment of 100G network with short reach. On the contrary, if it is to deploy 100G network with long-reach, 100GE CWDM4 QSFP28 is the better choice.

Conclusion

It is believed that the answers about what the differences between 100G QSFP28 CWDM4 and 100G QSFP28 PSM4 optical module are and which one is better are very clear. If you want to know more about them in this aspect, Gigalight official website is available for you.

About Gigalight:

Gigalight is a design innovator in global optical interconnect field. A series of optical interconnect products include: optical transceivers, passive optical components, active optical cables, GIGAC MTP/MPO cabling, cloud programmers & checkers, etc. Three applications are mainly covered: Data Center & Cloud Computing, MAN & Broadcast Video, and Mobile Network & 5G Optical Transmission. Gigalight takes advantage of its exclusive design to provide clients with one-stop optical network devices and cost-effective products.

About QSFP28 PSM4 Optics: Do You Know These?

Although there have been 200G/400G optical transceiver products appearing in the optical communication market, and it does not mean that the era of 100G optical transceiver module has come to end. Actually, there still are various 100G QSFP28 optical module in great favour, such as 100G QSFP28 PSM4 and 100G QSFP28 CWDM4 optical transceiver, which meet users’ requirements for transmission distance and costs well. Then today let’s talk about the QSFP28 PSM4 optical transceiver in this post(QSFP28 CWDM4 optics has been talked about in the last post).

What Is 100G QSFP28 PSM4 Optical Transceiver?

PSM4, the abbreviation of Parallel Single Mode 4-channels, a optics with parallel technology, defined by the 100G PSM4 MSA(Multi-Source Agreement). It uses four lanes of parallel single fiber to deliever serialized data at a rate of 25Gbps per lane. 100GE PSM4 QSFP28 will be the optical transceiver that enables single-mode fiber to become popular in next-generation data centers due to its low cost and high configurability. It doesn’t need a MUX/DEMUX for each laser but it does need a directly modulated DFB laser (DML) or an external modulator for each fiber. QSFP28 100G PSM4 uses eight fibers, in which four fibers are for transmitting and four fibers are for receiving. A PSM4 QSFP28 optical module supports link lengths of up to 500 meters over single-mode fiber with 12 fiber MTP/MPO connectors. The light source of QSFP 100G PSM4 optic module is a single uncooled distributed feedback (DFB) laser operating at 1310nm.  

Why Is 100G QSFP28 PSM4 Optical Transceiver In Demand?

It is known that the most basic 100G interfaces currently used are 100GBASE-SR4 and 100GBASE-LR4 which are defined by IEEE. However, there exists a problem between them that reaches are either too short for practical application in data center or too long and costly. In fact, for data center operators, a 100G QSFP28 optical transceiver that is with max reach of 2km or min reach of 500m is better. Thus, MSA (Multi-Source Agreement) brings a mid-reach solution to the market. And 100G QSFP28 modules with PSM4 interface are the products in this revolution. They are much less expensive than the 10km 100GBASE-LR4 modules, and support longer distance than 100GBASE-SR4 QSFP28 optical modules.

What Are the Advantages of QSFP28 PSM4 Optical Transceiver?

In addition to the common merits of QSFP28 transceiver module, such as high bandwidth, low insertion loss, high data rate and so on, the most prominent advantage of QSFP-100G-PSM4-S is shown in its cost. It is known that CWDM4 QSFP28 optical transceiver needs an optical multiplexer/de-multiplexer, operating around 1310nm with CWDM technology. After that, the amount of the components leads to the high cost of CWDM4 modules. While 100G QSFP28 PSM4 optics, unlike 100G QSFP28 CWDM4, need these components. Thus, by comparison, CWDM4 is more expensive than PSM4. As for the other types, QSFP28 100G SR4 or QSFP28 100G LR4, both are known to be high in cost.

Factors to Be Considered for the Deployment of QSFP28 PSM4 Optical Transceiver

Compared with 100GBASE-LR4, the cost of 100GE PSM4 QSFP28 optical transceiver module is much lower. But QSFP28 PSM4 needs to connect with eight parallel single-mode optic fiber for use, while 100GBASE-LR4 optical transceiver just needs 2 single-mode optic fibers. After that, if the optical fiber link is too long, QSFP 100G PSM4 optical transceiver module will have less advantages in the deployment cost. Therefore, when deploying PSM4 QSFP28, these two aspects need to be considered: parallel single-mode optic fiber has been deployed in data center; the transmission distance of optical fiber link is within 500m.

Summary

All in all, 100GE PSM4 QSFP28 optics provides a cost-effective solution for the users who demands mid-reach transmission at low cost. Above all is about the contents Gigalight wants to share with you. If you want to know more about it, welcomr to visit Gigalight official website(www.gigalight.com).

About Gigalight:

Gigalight is a design innovator in global optical interconnect field. A series of optical interconnect products include: optical transceivers, passive optical components, active optical cables, GIGAC MTP/MPO cabling, cloud programmers & checkers, etc. Three applications are mainly covered: Data Center & Cloud Computing, MAN & Broadcast Video, and Mobile Network & 5G Optical Transmission. Gigalight takes advantage of its exclusive design to provide clients with one-stop optical network devices and cost-effective products.

Things You Should Know about Dispersion

For optical transceiver, dispersion also is the factor not to be ignored. Maybe many people are unfamilair with this term, and have little kowlege of what impacts it has on optical transceiver module. Then Gigalight will have an introduction to it in this article from these comprehensive perspectives.

What Is the Dispersion?

Dispersion is a kind of physical phenomenon. The reason why it forms is that the different group velocity under different frequency/mode of transmision signal of optic fiber causes the distortion of transmission signals. In optical transceivers, the dispersion of optical modules will limit the transmission distance. Let's learn from the following aspects.

The Reasons Why Dispersion Appears

On account that the speed of electromagnetic wave with different wavelength is different in the same media, optical signal with different wavelength reach the receiving end in the different time due to the accumulation of transmission distance. After that, the pulse to be widened and then the signal values can not be distinguished.

Types of Dispersion

The dispersion of optic fiber is mainly composed of modal dispersion, material dispersion and waveguide dispersion. Thereinto, the material dispersion and waveguide dispersion are related to wavelength, so they are collectively referred to as wavelength dispersion.

1. Modal Dispersion: among the multimode optic fibers, there are various modes of transmission. For the different modes, the path of transmission is different so that the time of reaching the end is also different, which causes the strentchment of the pulse. This is the modal dispersion.

2. Material Dispersion: material dispersion is caused by the characteristics of optic fiber materials, and each material has different values for different transmission wavelengths.

3. Waveguide Dispersion: after taking the optical pulse from light source with certain spectrum into the optical fiber, the time of arrival at the end is also different because the optical transmission paths of different wavelengths are not same. Then the pulse is broadened. This kind of dispersion is caused by the optical waveguide of the optical fiber. Therefore it is also called the waveguide dispersion.

The Impacts of Dispersion on Optical Transceiver

The damage of system performance related to fiber dispersion can be caused by many factors, which mainly include intersymbol interference, mode partition noise and so on.

1. Intersymbol Interference:

the dispersion of optical fibers will lead to the broadening of the transmitted light pulse. The actually received waveform is combined with many line spectrum of the laser in the optical module. Even if the receiver can perfectly balance the waveform of the single line spectrum, but it will be disconnected because the same waveform generated by the line spectrum is with different disperison. After that, the combined waveform is different from that of single line spectrum, and it will still cause the non-ideal balance.

2. Mode Partition Noise:

It is one kind of sytem damage caused by the combination of the dispersion effect with the spectral characteristics of the laser in optical module. Although the sum of the power of each spectral line in the laser is definite, and the power of each spectral line is fluctuant. When the spectral lines of the laser pass through the optic fiber, the receiving waveforms with different bits are different on account that the original dispersion of optic fiber makes the delay of spectral lines different, forming the broadening of the receiving pulse.

Above all is about the introduction to dispersion. Hoping it can be beneficial to those who get involved in it for the first time and want to have a knowledge of it. More information is at Gigalight official website(gigalight.com).

About Gigalight:

Gigalight is a design innovator in global optical interconnect field. A series of optical interconnect products include: optical transceivers, passive optical components, active optical cables, GIGAC MTP/MPO cabling, cloud programmers & checkers, etc. Three applications are mainly covered: Data Center & Cloud Computing, MAN & Broadcast Video, and Mobile Network & 5G Optical Transmission. Gigalight takes advantage of its exclusive design to provide clients with one-stop optical network devices and cost-effective products.

What Is the Difference Between SDI SFP and SFP Optical Transceiver?

SDI SFP optical module is also called as digital video optics or SDI（serial digital interface）optical transceiver. This optical transceiver mainly supports video pathological signal of SDI device. Different from SFP optical transceiver, SDI SFP optics is not known to many people. Therefore, in this article, the difference between video SFP and SFP optical transceiver will be talked about by Gigalight.

What Is SDI SFP Optical Transceiver?

SDI SFP optical module and its related products are initially designed for the radio and television industry, applied for television studio, animal filming, film shooting, large sports events live. It is extended to the 1080 PHD monitoring field. SDI SFP optical module is usually used on the SDI interface of the HD-SDI terminal device. The transmission rate and frequency for each different SDI interface are different. The following is the comparison of the SD-SDI, HD-SDI and 3G-SDI interfaces.

Connector Type	SD-SD	HD-SDI	3G-SDI
Signal Type	Digital signal	Digital signal	Digital signal
Specification	SMPTE 259M	SMPTE 292M	SMPTE 424M
Transmission Rate	306Mbps	1.485 Gbps	2.970Gbps
Transmission Frequency	180MHz	750MHz	1.5GHz

What Is SFP Optical Transceiver ?

The small form-factor pluggable (SFP) is a compact, hot-pluggable optical module transceiver used for both telecommunication and data communications applications. The form factor and electrical interface are specified by a multi-source agreement (MSA) under the auspices of the Small Form Factor Committee. It is a popular industry format jointly developed and supported by many network component vendors.

SDI SFP vs. SFP Optics: What Is the Difference?

Similar to SFP optical transceiver module, SDI SFP optics is small in size, and hot-pluggeable, also used to transmit and receive signals. Their differences between video SFP and SFP optical transceiver mainly lie in their different application situations. SFP optical transceiver is applied in the data communication application, while SDI SFP optical module is used to provide video transmission. In other words, SFP optical module is used on exchangers, while SDI SFP optical transceiver is used on HD-SDI optical terminal device. As we all know, video transmission is distinguished from data communication. The bigggest difference between them is that video is transmitted in the form of unidirection, which means what video links transmit is possibly optical signal or electrical signal. Therefore, SDI SFP optical transceiver is with two optical transmitters and two optical receivers, or one optical transceiver.

In addition, they also differ in application fields, shown as below:

Applications of SFP Optical Transceiver

SFP sockets are found in Ethernet switches, routers, firewalls and network interface cards. Storage interface cards, also called HBAs or Fibre Channel storage switches, also make use of these modules, supporting different speeds such as 2Gb, 4Gb, and 8Gb. Because of their low cost, low profile, and ability to provide a connection to different types of optical fiber, SFP provides such equipment with enhanced flexibility.

Applications of SDI SFP Optical Transceiver

1. Applied in HD Camera or Monitor System: there are usually multiple HD end-devices in HD camera or monitor system. Therefore, one HD video matrix can be used as one end which provides multiple video SFP ports, and multiple HD-SDI equipments can be used as the other ends.

2. Applied for Broadcast Video Transmission: broadcast video transmission needs high-density cabling. Thus, HD-SDI equipment with high-density video SFP ports is needed.

Conclusion

Generally speaking, the main difference between SDI SFP and SFP optical transceiver lies in application situations and application fields. In addition, with respect to SDI series products, in addition to SDI SFP series, there are also SDI SFP+ series, such as 6G SDI SFP+, 12G SDI SFP+, etc. For more information about them, Gigalight official website(gigalight.com) is here for you.

Things You May Not Know about Video SFP Optics

Maybe most of people are familiar with SFP optical transceiver. However, when it comes to video SFP optical transceiver, it may be not as familair as SFP optical transceiver to many of people. Then in this article, Gigalight (gigalight.com) will detailedly introduce the video SFP optical transceiver module.

What Is Video SFP Optical Transceiver?

Video SFP transceiver is also regarded as digital video transceiver or Serial Digital Interface（SDI for short）video transceiver. Similar to SFP optics, video SFP optical transceiver is small, hot-pluggable one, matching with fiber optic cables for application. But what is different from SFP optics is that video SFP optics is used for video transmission. It is known that the video is transmitted in a uni-directional way, which means that the video link can be simply transmitted via a signal fiber or coax signal. The fator has been the main drive force to create different pinouts for the video SFP (as shown below). Therefore, video SFP optical transceiver can have either two optical transmitters/two optical receivers or one optical transmitter and one optical receiver.

Why to Use Video SFP Optical Transceiver?

With the rapid evolution of the broadcast video transmission for high-capacity HD and Ultra High-Definition (UHD) digital transmission, it is necessary to produce a kind of fiber optic transceiver that can achieve high level in video image transmission. With SDI interface, video SFP transceiver is able to support SDI video pathological signal and ensure the quality of video transmission.

Types of Video SFP Optical Transceiver

Video SFP transceiver can be divided into various types according to different factors. For example, according to operating wavelength, they can be classified into 1310nm, 1490nm, 1550nm and CWDM wavelengths video SFP transceivers; according to operating rate, they can usually be divided into 3G-SDI, 6G-SDI and 12G-SDI video SFP transceiver. The following is about the respective introduction to these three optics.

3G-SDI Video SFP optics is with a data rate up to 3Gbps, specifically designed for high performance in the presence of SDI pathological patterns for SMPTE 259M, SMPTE 344M, SMPTE 292M and SMPTE 424M serial rates. It is generally applied for television broadcasting. However, with the advancement of technology, it is also widely applied in global security applications such as high-end surveillance or unmanned systems, allowing simple designs or upgrades with full HD cameras.

 3G-SDI

The data rate of 6G-SDI video SFP optics is twice that of 3G-SDI transceivers, which means it is possible to deliver a payload of 6 Gbps. Therefore, they are not only designed for SDI pathological patterns for SMPTE 259M, SMPTE 344M, SMPTE 292M and SMPTE 424M serial rates but also for SMPTE 2081. 6G-SDI video SFP transceiver is often used in camera, video, security monitoring applications and 4K /HDTV/SDTV service interfaces.

12G-SDI video SFP transceiver is specifically designed for high performance in the presence of SDI pathological patterns for SMPTE 259M, SMPTE 344M, SMPTE 292M, SMPTE 424M, ST2081 and ST-2082 serial rates. They are mainly used for SMPTE ST-297-2006, ST2081 and ST-2082 compatible electrical-to-optical interfaces and UHDTV/HDTV/SDTV service interfaces.

Applications of Video SFP Optical Module

Currently, video SFP optics is mainly used in these aspects:

1. Applied in HD Camera or Monitor System

There are usually multiple HD end-devices in HD camera or monitor system. Therefore, one HD video matrix can be used as one end which provides multiple video SFP ports, and multiple HD-SDI equipments can be used as the other ends.

2. Applied for Broadcast Video Transmission

Broadcast video transmission needs high-density cabling. Thus, HD-SDI equipment with high-density video SFP ports is needed.

On account that 3G-SDI, 6G-SDI and 12G-SDI are digital baseband signals, long-distance transmission on copper cable will definitely be limited. Thus, optic fiber cables, 3G-SDI, 6G-SDI, 12G-SDI video SFP transceivers are perfect for long-distance video transmission.

Conclusion

Generally speaking, video transmission plays a key role in the daily life. To ensure the high-level video digital transmission, video SFP optical transceiver is in great favor. In addition, for the above mentioned video SFP optical transceiver module, Gigalight currently can provide or customize 3G-SDI SFP, 6G-SDI SFP+, 12G-SDI video SFP+ optical transceiver for you. More information is at Gigalight official website.

Things You Should Know about Long-Distance Optical Module

With the rapid development of optical communication industry, optical modules for long reach transmission gradually satisfy the demands on the long-reach transmission of network, and are widely applied in all fields of global communication. However, which fields are they applied in? and what should be paid attention. Gigalight will have an introduction to you.

The Definition of Long-Distance Optical Transceiver

Transmission distance is regarded as one of key factor of optical module. Optical transceiver is divided into short distance optics, middle distance optics and long distance optics. The transmission distance of long-distance optical transceiver is over 30kms, but it cannot reach the maximum distance in the many situations at the process of its actual application. It is due to that the dispersion appears when optical signal transmitting in the optic fiber. To solve this problem, long-distance optical transceiver takes DFB laser only with one main wavelength as the light source. After that, the dispersion can be avoided.

Types of Long-Distance Optical Transceiver

Among these optical transceivers such as SFP optics, SFP+ optics, XFP optics, 40G QSFP+ optics and 100G QSFP28 optical transceiver, there exist some long-distance optical transceiver modules. Thereinto, long-distance SFP+ optical transceiver adopts EML laser components and optical photodetector components, which reduces the power consumption and raises the accuracy via improvements in many aspects. 40G long-distance optical module adopts driver and modulation unit in the transmitting link, the transmission distance is far more than that of existing standard 40G pluggable optical module.

• Applications of Long-Distance Optical Transceiver
• For the interface of switcher
• For the interface of server
• For the interface of network card
• In the security monitoring filed
• In the telecom field, including data control center and computer room, etc.
• Ethernet, Fiber Channel(FC), Synchronous Digital Hierachy(SDH), etc.

Cautions for the Utilization of Long Distance Optics

Long-distance optical transceiver has higher requirements for the range of receiving optical power. If the optical power exceeds the range of receiving sensitivity, the failure of optical transceiver module will happen. The use tips and cautions are as follows:

1. After the installation of long-distance optical module into the device, patch cord can not be connected at once. Using the instruction” display transceiver diagnosis interface” to read the transmitting and receiving optical power of optical transceiver module, checking whether the optical power is in the normal range.
2. If the condition is allowable, optical power meter can be used to test the optics. After the transmitting and receiving optical power is at the normal range, the optic fiber can be connected into long distance optical transceiver.
3. In any case, the optic fiber module can not be used to test the long-distance optical module. If it is necessary, it must be connected with the optical attenuator to make the receiving optical power within the normal receiving range.After that, the loopback test can be operated.
4. Using the long-distance optical module, the receiving optical power must keep some margins. Besides,the actual receiving optical power is reserved at over 3dB compared with the receiving sensitivity. If it can not be achieved, the attenuator needs to be used.
5. Long distance optical module can be used completey without attenuationin in 10km transmission application. Generally speaking, optical module over 40km will need to be added attunation. It can not be directly connected, or the ROSA is easily burnt.

Conclusion

The long distance optical module satifies the demand of long-distance transmission. It provides people with great convenience and is widely applied. The long distance optical module supplied by Gigalight is rich in variety, with ultra high stability and cost effectiveness. Simultaneously, it is also highly favored by the vast number of users. In addition, Gigalight can also provide comprehensive network system solutions to help users to build a low-cost, high-performance, and manageable network system. If you are interested in it, welcome to consult.

About Gigalight:
Gigalight is a design innovator in global optical interconnect field. A series of optical interconnect products include: optical transceivers, passive optical components, active optical cables, GIGAC MTP/MPO cabling, cloud programmers & checkers, etc. Three applications are mainly covered: Data Center & Cloud Computing, MAN & Broadcast Video, and Mobile Network & 5G Optical Transmission. Gigalight takes advantage of its exclusive design to provide clients with one-stop optical network devices and cost-effective products.

The Reasons Why Optical Transceiver Is in Failure?

In order to ensure that the optical module can work normally, it is very important to check optics to avoid the failure of optical modules. When it comes to the reasons why optical transceiver is in failure, there are still many people confused of it. Then there will be an annalysis on it by Gigalight for you.

1. The Reasons Why Optical Module Is in Failure?

The failure of optical transceiver module usually means the failure of receiving terminal and transmitting terminal. The factors that cause the failure of optics include the following aspects:

• Optical Interface Is Polluted and Damaged

The pollution and loss of optical transceiver module will lead to that the dissipation of optical link becomes bigger so that the optical link is unlocked. However, what are the reasons to cause this problem? Threre are these factors as below:

The exposure of the opticla interface for a long time causes the dust into the interface so as to bring about the pollution; the surface of the used optical module is polluted, leading to the secondary pollution of the optical module's optical interface;the endface of the optical connector with tail fiber is scratched; the quality of the optical module is too poor.

• ESD Damage

ESD means electrostatic discharge. ESD can produce a lot of static electricity, which will adsorb dust and change the impedance between lines. Simultaneuosly, the heat generated by the instantaneous current of ESD can cause the component to be damaged, or even completely damaged. The causes of ESD damage are as follows:

The environment is too dry; there is irregular operation, such as non hot pluggable optical module operating under electrification, without anti-static packaging in the process of transportation and storage; the equipment is without ground connection or imperfect earth.

2. The Procedures to Check the Failure of Optical Module

If the situation of no optic or low optical power rate happens, these measures can be taken:

Cleaning the interface of optical module; checking whether there are scratches and bending on the optic fiber connector; checking the wavelength of the optical power and the measurement unit(dBm); the hot pluggable module can restart a plug test;test on the same ports by changing modules or on the same optical modules by changing the ports.

3. How to Avoid the Failure of Optical Module?

• The Prevention Measures for Optical Interface Pollution of Optical Module:

Before operating the optical module, the paper for wiping optic fiebr must be prepared well. The optical port must be cleaned before the patch cord is inserted into it to avoid the secondary pollution of the port caused by the endface pollution of patch cord. On account that a piece of paper can only wipe one place, it is necessary to prepare at least 3 pieces of paper; the specific way is to wipe the fiber head horizontally in one direction; the temporaryly-unused optical module must be worn a dust cap to avoid dust pollution; If no dust cap is available, it can be replaced by the optic fiber; if the optical module or optic fiber has not been used for a long time, the optical interface and optic fiber must be cleaned before they are utilized. Besides, what should be paid attention is that cleaning optical port needs to use cotton stick, and cleaning optic fiber port needs to use paper for wiping optic fiber. And at the process of cleaning, pls insert cotton stick into the optical port, gently rotating, not excessive force.

• The Prevention Measures to Avoid Optics Burnout

When using the OTDR table to test the link degree or attenuation degree of the optical fiber channel, the optic fiber can not disconnect with the optical fiber. Otherwise, the optical module is easily burnt down.

4. Conclusion

All in all, keeping the optical interface clean and avoiding interface polluted are essestial to aviod the failure of optics. Above is the shared information for optical transceiver. Hoping it can be helpful to you in future application of optical transceiver. More information about it are at Gigalight.

About Gigalight:

Gigalight is a design innovator in global optical interconnect field. A series of optical interconnect products include: optical transceivers, passive optical components, active optical cables, GIGAC MTP/MPO cablings, cloud programmers & checkers, and etc. Three applications are mainly covered: Data Center & Cloud Computing, MAN & Broadcast Video, and Mobile Network & 5G Optical Transmission. Gigalight takes advantage of its exclusive design to provide clients with one-stop optical network devices and cost-effective products.

What Are the Impacts of High or Low Temperature on Optical transceivers？

It is known that temperature plays a key part in the working process of optical transceiver. Whether it is too high or low will have an impact on the optical module. Then what are the impacts of too high or low temperature on optical transceiver module on earth? In this post, Gigalight will have an introduction to it.

What Is the Normal Temparature of Optical Transceiver?

Due to various types and brands of optical module, different optics temperature level corresponding to the different temperature range and varied temperature range defined by suppliers, whether the temperature of optical module is irregular can be judged accoerding to these factors. Before using optical transceiver, it is the best to check the brand or suppliers' definition to the temperature range of optics, so as to reduce series of problems caused by irregular temperature of optical transceiver.

Besides, with respect to the temperature of optics, it consists of commercial grade, extended grade, industrial grade(shown as the below):

Temperature Grade	Abbreviation	Temperature Range
Commercial temperature range	COM	0 ~ + 70 ℃
Extended temperature range	EXT	-20 ~ 85 ℃
Industrial temperature range	IND	-40 ~ 85 ℃

The Reasons Why the Temperature Are too High or too Low

1. The Poor Quality and Workmanship

If you use the optical transceivers with poor quality and workmanship, then the phenomenon of irregular temperature of the optical transceivers is more common. Because the function of such optical transceivers is instable, heat dissipation is also relatively poor. In order to reduce the temperature anomaly and unnecessary discard, we advise to use the optical transceivers with better function, quality and workmanship.

2. Poor Application Conditions

The working conditions of optics is in data center, computer room or on the switcher. If it is applied in the other conditions, the change of environment temperature will definitely change that of optical transceiver module. Furtherly, the optical power and optical sensitivity of optics will be affected. If the application conditions of optical transceiver is relatively poor, the optical transceiver module with industrial temperature and extended temperature will be recommended.

3. The Appliction of Used Optical Transceiver

The temperature range of brand new optical module is usually at 0-70℃, and many used optics can not reach that. Therefore, under the conditions of too high and too low temperature, used optical module is unable to work normmally. At this time, the brand new optical module is suggested.

What Are the Impacts of Too High or Low Temperature on Optical transceivers？

1. The Impact of Too High Temperature on Optics:

If the working temperature of optical module is too high, its optical power will become larger. After that, the error will happen in the process of receiving signal and even optical module is burnt out, causing that the optical module can not work normally. At this time, the DDM function should be increased, or a temperature control system should be used to monitor and compensate it in real time, so as to ensure optical module's extinction ratio and optical power are stable and the normal working of optical communication system.

2. The Impact of Low Temperature on Optics

Generally speaking, as long as the optical transceiver is not exposed to the temperature below 0℃ and the temperature is not too low, it is not suggested to use optical transceiver under the conditions of too low temperature, which will lead to the instability of optical module.

Conclusion

Above is about the introduction to the impacts of too high or too low temperature on optical transceiver module. Hoping it will be beneficial to your future application of optical transceiver. More information about it at Gigalight.

The Development Direction of Optical Transceiver

Optical transceiver is widely applied in the communication network. To some degree, users’ more demands on optical communication network promotes the development of optical transceiver module. Nowadays' communication network is developed toward higher information transmission rate, smaller in volume of communication devices. Then how about the development direction of optical transceiver? In this article, Gigalight will have an introduction to it.

The Development Direction of Optical Transceiver

1. Faster-Higher Transmission Rate

People demand more for the amount of information transmission, and require higher rate of information transmission. The rate of optical module is developd from the Mbit, Gigabit to 40G, 100G and even more.

2. Smaller-Miniacturization

In the gradually-rapid competition of optical communication market, the volume of communication device is also smaller. To meet the requirements of optical communication device, optical transceiver is gradually developed into the highly-integrated package. The volume of optical module is decreased with the change of optical interface and connection form. In addition, the package of optical module is also developed from the metal package to the plastic package correspondingly.

3. Lower- Low Power Dissipation

In order to adapt to smaller and smaller volume of communication devices, interface density and interface boards, optical modules need to reduce power consumption. Using gallium arsenide technology, development technology, preamplifier can make chip product with silicon germanium reduce power consumption. In addition, the non-cooling laser can further reduce the power consumption of the optical module.

4. Farther - Longer Transmission Reach

On account that the laying distance of optical network is longer, the transmission distance is also required longer. The typical remote optical module without the condition of amplification can transmit 100km. But due to that there exists some certain loss and dispersion in the transmission process of optical signal on the fiber, the transmission distance of optical transceiver will be limited. After that, many remote optical transceiver module will choose to the working frequency band of 1550nm to make the transmission distance longer.

5. Simplified Management- Hot Plugging

Hot plugging means that the optical module can connect or disconnect with a device without cutting off the power supply. The network manager can upgrade and expand the system without closing the network, and it does not affect the online user. Hot plugging also simplifies the maintenance work and enables the end-users to manage their optical modules well. At the same time, because of the heat transfer performance, optical module allows network managers to formulate the link distance, transmission costs and all network topology according to the network upgrade requirements, without changing all system boards.

In order to meet the needs of people, optical module is developed towards the direction of "faster, smaller, lower and farther". As the main series of optical transceiver, SFP, SFP+, XFP, QSFP+, CFP/CFP2/CFP4, QSFP28 and other optical modules produced by Gigalight, are also constantly innovated under the guide of the development trend，in the great favor of the vast number of users.

The Latest QSFP28 Optical Transceivers: QSFP28 4WDM and QSFP28 ER4 Lite

The 100G optical module is with a variety of packaging forms, mainly including the early CFP/CFP2/CFP4 and the new-generation QSFP28. As a hot solution of 100G network, CFP series and QSFP28 optical transceiver have their own advantages. They all play a role in the specific application of 100G network. Currently, it seems that QSFP28 series optical transceiver is in greater favor than CFP series opticcal module transceiver. With respect to QSFP28 series optical module, there are two new types: 100G QSFP28 ER4 Lite optical transceiver module and 100G QSFP28 4WDM optical transceiver module. Then Gigalight will have an introduction to them in this article.

An Introduction to QSFP28 4WDM Optical Transceiver

4WDM(4-Wavelength Wavelength Division Multiplexing) optical module is defined by 4WDM MSA, targeted for longer reaches, lower costs, and lower power consumption, smaller form factor(QSFP28 form factor is usually preferred). 100G QSFP28 4WDM optics have three specifications including 4WDM-10, 4WDM-20, 4WDM-40. 4WDM-10 is one type of 100G (4x25G) optical transceivers for the 10 km based on the CWDM4 wavelength grid; 4WDM-20 and 4WDM-40 are types of 100G (4x25G) optical transceivers respectively for 20kms and 40kms based on the LAN-WDM wavelength grid over duplex single-mode fiber (SMF). With respect to the benefits of 4WDM, its main advantages are lower in cost and power dissipation, and longer in transmission distance.

An Introduction to QSFP28 ER4 Lite Optical Transceiver

IEEE 802.3ba defines that the 100GBASE-LR4 / 100GBASE-ER4 series has a BER requirement of better than 1E-12 w / o FEC for optical modules. Since the receiving sensitivity of 100GBASE-ER4 is not satisfied with the existing APD technology, the SOA size is too large for the QSFP28 series; many optical module companies in the industry defined a non-standard 100GBASE-ER4 Lite with QSFP28 package that the largest transmission distance is up to 30km without FEC.

The receiving sensitivity of 100GBASE-ER4 Lite 30km has no clear definition in IEEE802.3ba. At the current level of 100G APD ROSA, the average of OMA Sensitivity is around -17dbm (BER 1E-12@25.78125Gbps). The description of the100GBASE-ER4 Lite products in the industry is defined as 30km w/o FEC, 40km with FEC.

100G QSFP28 ER4 Lite vs. 100G QSFP28 4WDM: What Are the Difference?

The differences between QSFP28 ER4 Lite and QSFP28 4WDM are shown as the table:

qsfp28 4dwm vs. qsfp28 er4 lite

In addition, in the aspect of application, 100G QSFP28 ER4 Lite is available for both 100GE and OTU4 application, while 100G QSFP28 4WDM 40km is only available for 100GE application.

Summary

The migration of current network infrastructure to 100G systems is inevitable, and a growing number of enterprises require 100G client port to extend up to 40km without the use of expensive optical amplifiers. Thefore, the new ER4 Lite and 4WDM optical transceiver enable cost-effective 100G 40km pluggable solutions in compact QSFP28 transceivers that use Forward Error Correction (FEC) and APD-based receivers. Such evolution is very exciting for not only everyone involved in its development and construction, but also for all those who seek a simple, reliable and cost-effective solution to extend the reach of their networks, without expensive network upgrades. Gigalight, as the design innovator in global optical interconnect field, has pushed out the latest 100G QSFP28 4WDM 40KM optical transceiver and 100G QSFP28 ER4 Lite 40KM optical transceiver. More details are at Gigalight(gigalight.com)